An internal I narrator who is not the protagonist.

Characteristics of the Witness-narrator:

• The reader perceives only the thoughts, feelings, and perception of the witness-narrator.
• The witness has no more than ordinary access to the mental states of the other characters (through letters, diaries; inferences).
• Usually the witness-narrator informs the reader of his limitations.
• Scene predominates.
• Suitable for suspense, mystery, a situation to be gradually built up.